![]() ![]() ![]() Physics is concerned with describing the interactions of energy, matter, space, and time, and it is especially interested in what fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon. Scientists are continually trying to expand this body of knowledge and to perfect the expression of the laws that describe it. Science consists of the theories and laws that are the general truths of nature as well as the body of knowledge they encompass. This module discusses the realm of physics (to define what physics is), some applications of physics (to illustrate its relevance to other disciplines), and more precisely what constitutes a physical law (to illuminate the importance of experimentation to theory). These analytical skills will help you to excel academically, and they will also help you to think critically in any professional career you choose to pursue. More importantly, you will gain analytical abilities that will enable you to apply these laws far beyond the scope of what can be included in a single book. In learning to apply these laws, you will, of course, study the most important topics in physics. The unifying aspect of physical laws and the basic simplicity of nature form the underlying themes of this text. Apparently unrelated topics are connected through broadly applicable physical laws, permitting an understanding beyond just the memorization of lists of facts. Understanding this law makes it easier to learn about the various forms energy takes and how they relate to one another. The law of conservation of energy (which says that energy can change form but is never lost) ties together such topics as food calories, batteries, heat, light, and watch springs. ![]() For example, what do a bag of chips and a car battery have in common? Both contain energy that can be converted to other forms. It is the underlying order of nature that makes science in general, and physics in particular, so enjoyable to study. We have found that nature is remarkably cooperative-it exhibits the underlying order and simplicity we so value. As humans, we make generalizations and seek order. In the face of all these details, we have discovered that a surprisingly small and unified set of physical laws can explain what we observe. From the flight of birds to the colors of flowers, from lightning to gravity, from quarks to clusters of galaxies, from the flow of time to the mystery of the creation of the universe, we have asked questions and assembled huge arrays of facts. Over the centuries, the curiosity of the human race has led us collectively to explore and catalog a tremendous wealth of information. Every day, each of us observes a great variety of objects and phenomena. The physical universe is enormously complex in its detail. ' Glossary' helps inform students about the essential terms used in all the chapters.Figure 1.2 The flight formations of migratory birds such as Canada geese are governed by the laws of physics. It includes Multiple Choice Questions, Assertion-Reason Questions, and Case-based/Passage-based Questions. It includes Very Short Answers, Short Answers, Long Answers, and Multiple Choice Questions.Īs per NEP recommendations, a separate section of ' Competency-Based Questions' has been added to each chapter. ' Assessment' is given at the end of each chapter to help students demonstrate what they've learned. ' Solved Corner' comprises NCERT Questions (Intext and Exercises) and HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills). The summary is given in the form of a ' Flow Chart' to view all the chapter's key concepts in one frame. ' Sample Questions' and 'Practice Questions' have been added topics, which include NCERT Exemplar Questions, Previous Years' Questions, and other essential questions. ' Activities' have been incorporated into the chapter to understand the concepts more deeply. Each chapter begins with captivating information related to the topics. ![]()
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